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KMID : 0352720160400020141
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Journal of Ginseng Research
2016 Volume.40 No. 2 p.141 ~ p.150
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North American ginseng influences adipocyte-macrophage crosstalk regulation of inflammatory gene expression
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Jaime Garbett
Sarah A.F. Wilson
Jessica C. Ralston
Anna A. De Boer
Ed M.K. Lui
David C. Wright
David M. Mutch
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Abstract
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Background: Adipocyteemacrophage communication plays a critical role regulating white adipose tissue
(WAT) inflammatory gene expression. Because WAT inflammation contributes to the development of
metabolic diseases, there is significant interest in understanding how exogenous compounds regulate
the adipocyteemacrophage crosstalk. An aqueous (AQ) extract of North American (NA) ginseng (Panax
quinquefolius) was previously shown to have strong inflammo-regulatory properties in adipocytes. This
study examined whether different ginseng extracts influence adipocyteemacrophage crosstalk, as well
as WAT inflammatory gene expression.
Methods: The effects of AQ and ethanol (EtOH) ginseng extracts (5 mg/mL) on adipocyte and macrophage
inflammatory gene expression were studied in 3T3-L1 and RAW264.7 cells, respectively, using real-time
reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Adipose tissue organ culture was also used to examine
the effects of ginseng extracts on epididymal WAT (EWAT) and inguinal subcutaneous WAT (SWAT)
inflammatory gene expression.
Results: The AQ extract caused significant increases in the expression of common inflammatory genes
(e.g., Mcp1, Ccl5, Tnf-a, Nos2) in both cell types. Culturing adipocytes in media from macrophages treated
with the AQ extract, and vice versa, also induced inflammatory gene expression. Adipocyte Ppar-g
expression was reduced with the AQ extract. The AQ extract strongly induced inflammatory gene
expression in EWAT, but not in SWAT. The EtOH extract had no effect on inflammatory gene expression in
either both cell types or WAT.
Conclusion: These findings provide important new insights into the inflammo-regulatory role of NA
ginseng in WAT.
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KEYWORD
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adipose tissue, gene expression, inflammation, Panax quinquefolius
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